I predominantly practice Buddhism in Korean, as most of the Buddhist texts and resources I have are published here in Korea. However I often do research on Buddhism in English as well, as Buddhism dealt in the English world is more focused on philosophical approaches unlike mainstream Korean Buddhism which puts more emphasis on spiritual faith, and I often find the Buddhist terminologies between different languages rather confusing. Buddhist terms in Korean are based on words of Chinese origin, while English uses Buddhist terms that root from Sanskrit and Pali. So to lessen this confusion I made a small list of the names of a few Buddhas and Bodhisattvas labeled in six different languages.
Korean | Chinese | English | Sanskrit | Pali | Tibetan |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
석가모니불 | 釋迦牟尼佛 shì jiā móu ní fó |
The Buddha Siddhartha Gautama |
सिद्धार्थ गौतम siddhārtha gautama |
siddhattha gotama | བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས bcom ldan ‘das (from Sasnskrit bhagavān) |
비로자나불 | 毘盧遮那佛 pí lú zhē nà fó 大日如来 dà rì rú lái 大日覺王 dà rì jué wáng |
Vairocana | वैरोचन vairocana |
རྣམ་པར་སྣང་མཛད rnam par snang mdzad |
|
아미타불 | 阿彌陀佛 ā mí tuó fó |
Amitabha | अमिताभ amitābha |
འོད་དཔག་མེད ‘od dpag med སྣང་བ་མཐའ་ཡས snang ba mtha’ yas |
|
약사여래 약사유리광여래 |
藥師如來 yào shī rú lái 藥師佛 yào shī fó 藥師瑠璃光如來 yào shī liú lí guāng rú lái |
Bhaisajyaguru | भैषज्यगुरु bhaiṣajyaguru भैषज्यगुरुवैदुर्यप्रभाराज bhaiṣajya-guru-vaiḍūrya-prabhā-rāja |
སངས་རྒྱས་སྨན་བླ sangs rgyas sman bla |
|
미륵불 자씨 |
彌勒佛 mí lè fó 慈氏 cí shì |
Maitreya | मैत्रेय maitreya |
metteya | བྱམས་པ byams pa བྱམས་པ་མགོན་པོ byams pa mgon po |
관세음보살 관자재보살 |
觀世音菩薩 guān shì yīn pú sà 觀音菩薩 guān yīn pú sà 觀自在菩薩 guān zì zài pú sà |
Avalokitesvara Avalokiteshvara Guanyin (from 觀音) |
अवलोकितस्वर avalokiteśvara |
སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས spyan ras gzigs |
|
보현보살 | 普賢菩薩 pǔ xián pú sà |
Samantabhadra | समन्तभद्र samantabhadra |
ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ kun tu bzang po |
|
문수보살 | 文殊菩薩 wén shū pú sà |
Manjushri | मञ्जुश्री mañjuśrī |
འཇམ་དཔལ་དབྱངས ‘jam dpel dbyang |
|
지장보살 | 地藏菩薩 dì cáng pú sà |
Kshitigarbha | क्षितिगर्भ kṣitigarbha |
ས་ཡི་སྙིང་པོ sa yi snying po |
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